Justify four (4) categories of Kraljic’s Portfolio Matrix

 

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The kraljic’s portfolio matrix is used to classify corporate purchases which differentiate by financial importance and supply risk. It can be divided into non-critical, bottleneck, leverage, and strategic. Each of them is different by the financial importance and also supply risk. 

kraljic 的投资组合矩阵用于对按财务重要性和供应风险区分的企业采购进行分类。 它可以分为非关键、瓶颈、杠杆和战略。 它们中的每一个都因财务重要性和供应风险而异。

First the non-critical was the categories that have low financial importance and low supply risk. This type of item brings low impact to the financial or profit and most of it was saturated in the supply which meant it was able to buy and obtain at most of the supplier. For example, the furniture.

首先，非关键类别是财务重要性低且供应风险低的类别。 这种类型的项目对财务或利润的影响很小，并且大部分在供应中已经饱和，这意味着它能够购买和获得大多数供应商。 以家具为例。

Second the bottleneck has a higher supply risk but low financial importance. This means that this type of item brings a low impact on profit but it was limited in supply which meant it was hard to obtain and procure. Usually, businesses will try to find multiple suppliers for the bottleneck item. For example, the RAM inside the computer.

其次，瓶颈具有较高的供应风险，但财务重要性较低。 这意味着此类物品对利润的影响很小，但供应有限，这意味着很难获得和采购。 通常，企业会尝试为瓶颈项目寻找多个供应商。 例如，计算机内部的 RAM。

Third was the leverage. It has high financial importance but with a lower supply risk which means leverage items may bring higher profit and it is easier to find the supply. However, it is also easier to obtain in most of the suppliers or places. For example, the chemical product.

三是杠杆作用。 它具有较高的财务重要性，但具有较低的供应风险，这意味着杠杆项目可能会带来更高的利润，并且更容易找到供应。 但是，在大多数供应商或地方也更容易获得。 例如，化工产品。

Last was the strategic item. It has high supply risk but also with high financial importance which is able to bring high profit but actually in low and unstable supply. For example, the smartphone chipset.

最后是战略项目。 它具有高供应风险，但具有高财务重要性，能够带来高利润，但实际上供应量低且不稳定。 例如，智能手机芯片组。

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